Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster’s creation of Superman, one of the most iconic superheroes of all time, was heavily influenced by their shared experience of growing up as first-generation Jewish immigrants in Depression-era Cleveland. By examining the historical and cultural context of their upbringing, we can trace the roots of Superman’s character to the progressive political values held by Kansans of the 1930s. This fusion of influences resulted in a superhero that has transcended time and continues to inspire new generations of fans.
The Origins of Superman and the Struggles of First-Generation Jewish Immigrants

(credit: The New Yorker)
Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster were born in the United States during the Great Depression, a tumultuous period marked by economic upheaval, rising fascism at home and abroad, and widespread anti-Semitism. Growing up in Cleveland, Ohio, both young men experienced the hardships of being first-generation Jewish immigrants in a country rife with prejudice and discrimination. Cleveland’s vibrant Jewish community played a significant role in shaping their lives and ultimately influenced their creation of Superman.
In creating Superman, Siegel and Shuster imbued their character with their own experiences and aspirations. Superman was an outsider, a refugee from a destroyed world who found sanctuary in America. His secret identity, Clark Kent, allowed him to blend in with society, just as Siegel and Shuster tried to assimilate into their new homeland. Through the character of Superman, the creators hoped to address social injustice, champion the underdog, and inspire hope in their readers.
Kansas Roots: The Influence of Small-Town Values and Progressive Politics on Superman

Kansas played a crucial role in shaping Superman’s identity and values. In the 1930s, Kansas was a hotbed of progressive politics, with a strong tradition of advocating for social justice, equality, and workers’ rights. The state was known for its early support for women’s suffrage and its involvement in the Populist Movement, which sought to empower farmers and laborers. These values would become fundamental to the character of Superman.
By choosing Smallville, Kansas, as Superman’s hometown, Siegel and Shuster connected their character to the heartland of America and its rich progressive history. The ideals of hard work, self-reliance, and community spirit found in small-town Kansas helped shape Superman’s altruistic nature. Additionally, Kansas’ progressive political climate, which included support for labor unions and social welfare programs, contributed to the Man of Steel’s unwavering commitment to fighting for the oppressed and marginalized.
The Superman Phenomenon: How the Man of Steel Captured America’s Imagination

Superman’s debut in Action Comics #1 in 1938 marked the beginning of a cultural phenomenon. The character’s appeal was rooted in his progressive values and the universal desire for a champion of justice during the dark days of the Great Depression. Superman’s adventures tackled issues such as poverty, inequality, and discrimination, while his unwavering commitment to truth and justice resonated with readers across the nation.
Over the years, Superman’s popularity has endured, with the character adapted into various forms of media, including radio, television, and film. Through these adaptations, Superman’s altruistic nature and commitment to social justice have continued to reflect the progressive ideals ingrained in his character from the beginning.
Superman Today: The Lasting Legacy of Siegel and Shuster’s Progressive Vision

Almost a century after his creation, Superman remains an enduring symbol of American values and the potential for positive change in the world. The character’s roots in Depression-era Cleveland and Kansas’ progressive political history have imbued him with a lasting legacy of hope, justice, and the pursuit of the greater good.
In today’s complex and challenging world, Superman’s unwavering commitment to these ideals serves as a powerful reminder that even the most seemingly insurmountable obstacles can be overcome through determination, compassion, and a steadfast belief in the power of good.
As new generations of fans discover Superman, they continue to be inspired by the character’s commitment to social justice and progressive values. The Man of Steel has evolved over the years to remain relevant in changing times, tackling contemporary issues and reflecting the ongoing struggles for equality and justice in the world.
Superman’s enduring popularity is a testament to the vision of Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, who created a character that encapsulated their own experiences as first-generation Jewish immigrants in Depression-era Cleveland and the progressive political values of 1930s Kansas. In doing so, they crafted a superhero that would become an enduring symbol of hope and inspiration for generations to come. The Man of Steel’s unwavering commitment to social justice and progressive ideals has remained a vital aspect of his character, continuing to resonate with audiences and inspire hope in the face of adversity.
As the world continues to change and face new challenges, the legacy of Siegel and Shuster’s iconic creation endures, a testament to the enduring power of compassion, justice, and the indomitable human spirit.